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Related Concept Videos

Halogens03:01

Halogens

Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are nonmetals. At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine a solid. Astatine is a highly unstable radioactive element, so currently, most of its properties are unknown due to its short half-life. Tennessine is a synthetic element also predicted to be in this group.
Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

Polyfluorinated compounds: past, present, and future.

Andrew B Lindstrom1, Mark J Strynar, E Laurence Libelo

  • 1National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States. lindstrom.andrew@epa.gov

Environmental Science & Technology
|August 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are increasingly concerning due to their toxicity and widespread presence in humans and animals. Further research is needed to understand their environmental distribution and exposure pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Growing concern surrounds polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) due to their persistence and detection in global populations.
  • Key examples include perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).

Observation:

  • PFCs are ubiquitous anthropogenic substances found in the blood of animals and humans worldwide.
  • Despite extensive research, significant knowledge gaps exist regarding their environmental distribution and human exposure routes.

Findings:

  • Many PFCs exhibit toxic properties.
  • Their presence is widespread across environmental matrices and biological systems.

Implications:

  • Continued use of PFCs presents a long-term challenge for environmental monitoring and public health.
  • Understanding environmental fate and exposure is critical for risk assessment and mitigation strategies.