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Related Concept Videos

What is a Hypothesis?01:14

What is a Hypothesis?

A hypothesis can be a simple sentence or statement about a property or any phenomenon observed or predicted for a population. It is usually a claim about a  property of the population. It can be stated for any field observations or experiments. A hypothesis statement cannot be said to be right or wrong as it is merely a statement. It needs to be tested through an elaborate data collection process and an appropriate statistical test. A hypothesis should be a general but not a vague statement. It...
Null and Alternative Hypotheses01:16

Null and Alternative Hypotheses

The actual hypothesis testing begins by considering two hypotheses. They are termed  the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
The null hypothesis, denoted by H0 is a statement of no difference between the variables—they are not related. This can often be considered the status quo. As  a result if you cannot accept the null, it requires some action.
The alternative hypothesis, denoted by H1 or Ha, is a claim about the population that is...
Statistical Hypothesis Testing01:16

Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing is a critical statistical procedure facilitating informed, evidence-based decisions. It begins with a hypothesis, which is a tentative explanation, or a prediction about a population parameter. This hypothesis can be either a null hypothesis (H0), indicating no effect or difference, or an alternative hypothesis (Ha), suggesting an effect or difference.
Statistical significance measures the probability that an observed result occurred by chance. If this probability, known as...
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing01:13

Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing is a fundamental statistical tool that begins with the assumption that the null hypothesis H0 is true. During this process, two types of errors can occur: Type I and Type II. A Type I error refers to the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves the failure to reject a false null hypothesis.
In hypothesis testing, the probability of making a Type I error, denoted as α, is commonly set at 0.05. This significance level indicates a 5% chance...
The Scientific Method02:40

The Scientific Method

Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.

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Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting
06:16

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting

Published on: June 6, 2020

Developing the research hypothesis.

Alexander H Toledo1, Robert Flikkema, Luis H Toledo-Pereyra

  • 1Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA. ahtoledo@med.unc.edu

Journal of Investigative Surgery : the Official Journal of the Academy of Surgical Research
|August 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A research hypothesis is crucial for well-developed studies, guiding problem-solving. This review covers organizing and establishing effective hypotheses, including types like null and alternative.

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Area of Science:

  • Scientific methodology
  • Research design

Background:

  • The research hypothesis is fundamental for structuring sound scientific investigations.
  • It serves as a critical component in addressing and resolving research problems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the essential aspects of organizing and establishing an efficient and complete research hypothesis.
  • To elucidate the significance of hypothesis formulation in the research process.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hypothesis formulation.
  • Analysis of different types of research hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • Identified key types of research hypotheses: inductive, deductive, directional, non-directional, null, and alternative.
  • Emphasized the importance of rejecting the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis for robust research.

Conclusions:

  • A well-formulated hypothesis is indispensable for a successful research study.
  • Understanding and applying different hypothesis types, particularly null and alternative, strengthens research validity.