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Related Concept Videos

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway01:29

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
Pharynx01:20

Pharynx

The pharynx, a tubular structure framed by skeletal muscle and lined with mucous membrane, extends continuously from the nasal cavities. It is segmented into three major areas: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx, bordered by the conchae of the nasal cavity, serves exclusively as an air conduit. In its superior region, the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids are located. These tonsils are clusters of lymphoid reticular tissue akin to a lymph node. The precise...
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure01:25

Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure

Tracheostomy care is an essential nursing skill that involves cleaning and maintaining a tracheostomy tube to prevent infection and other complications. Here's a step-by-step guide explaining each procedure with its rationale. Note that disposable gloves are to be worn at all times and changed as often as needed to maintain a sterile work environment, and to protect both patient and healthcare worker.
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene, and put on personal protective equipment: gown, gloves, mask and...
Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
07:45

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

Voice function following Han's uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.

D Han1, W Xu, R Hu

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|August 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Han's uvulopalatopharyngoplasty improved voice function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. The surgery expanded the oropharyngeal cavity, enhancing vocal quality and resonator function.

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Preparation of the Rat Vocal Fold for Neuromuscular Analyses
07:17

Preparation of the Rat Vocal Fold for Neuromuscular Analyses

Published on: May 15, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
07:45

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

Preparation of the Rat Vocal Fold for Neuromuscular Analyses
07:17

Preparation of the Rat Vocal Fold for Neuromuscular Analyses

Published on: May 15, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Speech Science

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is associated with altered acoustic and articulatory voice function.
  • Oropharyngeal obstruction significantly impacts speech production and resonance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of Han's uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on voice function in OSAHS patients.
  • To analyze acoustic and articulatory changes post-surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Acoustic and articulatory analyses were performed before and after Han's uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in 56 OSAHS patients.
  • Formant frequency and bandwidth analysis, and normalized noise energy were measured.

Main Results:

  • Patients exhibited higher normalized noise energy pre-operatively, which improved post-surgery.
  • Pre-operative formant frequencies (F1, F2, F3) and bandwidths (B1, B2) were lower than controls, increasing significantly one month after surgery.
  • Post-operative improvements in formant frequencies suggest enhanced oropharyngeal cavity function.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustic and articulatory characteristics in OSAHS patients differ from healthy individuals.
  • Han's uvulopalatopharyngoplasty effectively relieved oropharyngeal obstruction, leading to oropharyngeal cavity expansion.
  • Surgery improved vocal quality and protected/enhanced resonator and articulator functions.