Effect of fractalkine-Fc delivery in experimental lung metastasis using DNA/704 nanospheres

The lung is one target organ to which solid tumors frequently metastasize. Given the systemic adverse effects of currently available treatments, developing effective strategies of drug/gene delivery directly to the lungs is therefore needed. Aerosol delivery is a non-invasive gene transfer approach to target the airways. Here, we sought to evaluate the potential to deliver a fractalkine (FKN)-encoding plasmid formulated with the tetrafunctional amphiphilic block copolymer 704 through aerosolization in two models of pulmonary metastases. FKN is a chemokine recently described as a good candidate to stimulate a strong antitumor immune response in various forms of cancers. Here, we have assessed the effect of single and repeated aerosolizations of FKN-encoding plasmid formulated with 704 on the development of experimental lung metastases of mouse colon carcinoma and osteosarcoma. For this purpose, we have designed FKN-Fc sequences encoding an optimized version of the chemokine. Repeated intratracheal administrations of 704/FKN-Fc markedly inhibited growth of experimental lung metastases of CT-26 and K7M2 cells. Our results showed that tetrafunctional amphiphilic block copolymer 704 is a highly efficient synthetic vector for mediating local and safe gene transfer into the lung. In addition, FKN-Fc gene therapy of pulmonary nodules may provide a promising immunotherapeutic approach.