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Monoamine synaptic structure and localization in the central nervous system.

B E Maley1, M G Engle, S Humphreys

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536.

Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Monoamines like dopamine and serotonin are found in the central nervous system. These neurotransmitters, dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), are located in synaptic terminals and nonsynaptic varicosities, suggesting diverse neuromodulatory functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Neurochemistry

Background:

  • Monoamines, including dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, serotonin, and histamine, are widely distributed in the central nervous system.
  • These neurotransmitters are found in both synaptic terminals and nonsynaptic varicosities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ultrastructural characteristics of monoamine-containing terminals and varicosities.
  • To explore the potential neuromodulatory roles of monoamines based on their distribution and morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized histochemical staining, autoradiography, and immunohistochemical labeling.
  • Examined electron microscopic ultrastructure of monoaminergic structures.

Main Results:

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  • Monoamine-containing structures include synaptic terminals with small clear vesicles and large granular vesicles, and nonsynaptic varicosities.
  • A third population of small granular vesicles, visible after histochemical staining, likely corresponds to small clear vesicles.
  • Most terminals contact dendrites and dendritic spines, with fewer contacts on neuronal somata and axons.

Conclusions:

  • Monoaminergic terminals and varicosities share common morphological features but exhibit diverse functions.
  • The presence of monoamines in nonsynaptic varicosities suggests a neuromodulatory role.
  • Ultrastructural evidence supports the varied functional roles of monoamines in the central nervous system.