[Diagnostic and treatment algorithm for pharyngolaryngeal reflux]

Pharyngolaryngeal reflux (PLR) refers to backflow of stomach contents into the throat and larynx. Its diagnosis is difficult because of a variety of atypical symptoms, low sensitivity of traditional tests of gastrointestinal tract, and no consensus on the diagnostic algorithm. The aim of this study was to provide an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of PLR. There were no pathognomonic symptoms or findings, but the characteristic symptoms validate the Reflux Symptom Index and Reflux Findings Score as tools in the initial diagnosis. The first approach is empirical medical treatment for 3 month, based on endoscopic findings at laryngofiberscopy; then objective demonstration of reflux events using multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring. Proton pump inhibitors represent the mainstay of therapy for the patients with PLR, but they require a more aggressive and prolonged treatment than the patients with gastroesophageal symptoms.