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Prosthodontic considerations for the transmandibular implant.

B B Maxson1, M P Powers, R F Scott

  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor.

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

The transmandibular implant effectively supports dentures for patients with severe mandibular atrophy, improving chewing function. Good oral hygiene is crucial for positive soft tissue response and overall success.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Prosthodontics
  • Dental Implantology

Background:

  • Severely atrophic mandibles pose challenges for denture stability and masticatory function.
  • Transmandibular implants offer a potential solution for load-bearing in atrophic mandibles.
  • Conventional treatments may lead to complications like "combination syndrome."

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and patient response to transmandibular implants supporting mandibular overdentures.
  • To assess prosthodontic complications and soft tissue parameters in patients with transmandibular implants.
  • To determine the relationship between oral hygiene and soft tissue health in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 13 edentulous patients with severely atrophic mandibles.

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  • Patients received maxillary complete dentures and mandibular overdentures retained by transmandibular implants.
  • Follow-up examinations were conducted biannually over a 2-year period, assessing prosthodontic and soft tissue parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • All patients reported improved masticatory ability and absence of discomfort.
    • Prosthodontic complications included parafunctional habits, "combination syndrome," and epulis.
    • Statistically significant correlations were found between oral hygiene indices (plaque, gingival) and sulcus depth.
    • One patient required surgery for chronic mucosal irritation due to muscle pull.

    Conclusions:

    • Transmandibular implants provide a viable treatment option for severely atrophic mandibles, enhancing patient function.
    • Patient outcomes are comparable to those seen in "combination syndrome" cases.
    • Maintaining meticulous oral hygiene is essential for favorable soft tissue response and long-term implant success.