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Fluoride effects on bone crystals.

M D Grynpas1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Fluoride enhances bone crystal stability and density by altering apatite structure, affecting mineralization and acid resistance. Further research is needed to determine if these physicochemical changes improve or harm bone quality.

Area of Science:

  • Biomineralization
  • Bone Physiology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Fluoride exhibits both biological and physicochemical effects on bone.
  • This review focuses on the physicochemical impacts of fluoride on bone mineral.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physicochemical effects of fluoride on bone crystals.
  • To elucidate how fluoride influences bone mineral structure, chemistry, and density.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating fluoride's effects on bone mineral.
  • Analysis of research on fluoride's impact on apatite lattice stability, solubility, crystallinity, and surface area.

Main Results:

  • Fluoride increases apatite lattice stability and decreases crystal solubility.

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  • Bone mineral shows increased crystallinity, reduced specific surface area, and delayed deposition with fluoride exposure.
  • Fluoride incorporation occurs during mineralization, accumulating in highly mineralized bone, increasing bone mineral density, and enhancing resistance to acid dissolution.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fluoride significantly alters bone crystal structure and chemistry, leading to increased bone mineral density and acid resistance.
    • The distribution of fluoride in bone is non-uniform, impacting mineralization processes.
    • The long-term implications of fluoride-induced changes in bone quality require further investigation to determine beneficial or detrimental effects.