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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...

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Related Experiment Video

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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Published on: February 19, 2019

Staying safe from hepatitis C: engaging with multiple priorities.

Magdalena Harris1, Carla Treloar, Lisa Maher

  • 1London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. magdalena.harris@lshtm.ac.uk

Qualitative Health Research
|August 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-term drug injectors avoid Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by managing social resources and injecting habits, not just harm-reduction messages. These findings inform new HCV prevention strategies for people who inject drugs (PWID).

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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
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Published on: May 10, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Virology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a significant global health challenge.
  • People who inject drugs (PWID) account for 90% of new infections in developed countries.
  • HCV seroprevalence is rapidly increasing among new injectors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the experiences of long-term PWID to inform new HCV prevention strategies.
  • To identify motivations and strategies employed by PWID to avoid HCV risk situations.
  • To understand factors enabling viral avoidance among PWID.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative social research project utilizing life history interviews.
  • Employed computer-generated timelines to gather detailed data on injecting practices and social networks.
  • Data collected from 13 unexposed participants in Sydney.

Main Results:

  • Strategies for avoiding risk situations were not directly linked to harm-reduction messages or HCV avoidance.
  • Key factors included maintaining social/structural resources, injecting alone, managing withdrawal, and avoiding injection scars.
  • These individual priorities facilitate viral avoidance among PWID.

Conclusions:

  • HCV prevention strategies should consider multiple priorities of PWID beyond direct harm reduction.
  • Nonspecific harm-reduction interventions may be effective for HCV prevention.
  • Understanding lived experiences of PWID is crucial for developing effective public health interventions.