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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care

Published on: February 16, 2011

Nonrational processes in ethical decision making.

Mark D Rogerson¹, Michael C Gottlieb, Mitchell M Handelsman

¹mdrogerson@gmail.com

The American Psychologist

|August 31, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Current ethical models lack empirical proof, overlooking nonrational influences like emotions and context. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving ethical decision-making in practice.

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Area of Science:

Behavioral Science
Ethics
Psychology

Background:

Traditional ethical decision-making models are logically sound but lack empirical validation.
These models often assume rational, conscious reasoning, neglecting nonrational influences.
Behavioral research highlights the significant impact of automatic, intuitive, and affective processes on decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

To review behavioral research on nonrational factors influencing ethical thought and behavior.
To illustrate how context, emotions, and heuristics affect ethical judgments.
To provide recommendations for integrating nonrational process understanding into ethical decision-making training and practice.

Main Methods:

Selective review of existing behavioral research.
Illustration of nonrational influences through examples.
Synthesis of findings to inform practical recommendations.

Main Results:

Nonrational factors such as context, perceptions, relationships, and emotions significantly impact ethical decision-making.
Automatic intuitive and affective processes lead to systematic biases and deviations from purely rational models.
The influence of these nonrational elements is substantial yet often unrecognized in current ethical frameworks.

Conclusions:

Ethical decision-making models should incorporate the understanding of nonrational influences for greater empirical validity.
Scientists, trainers, and practitioners need to integrate insights on intuitive and affective processes.
A more comprehensive approach to ethical decision-making requires acknowledging and addressing both rational and nonrational components.