Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
Properties of Fourier Transform II01:24

Properties of Fourier Transform II

The Fourier Transform (FT) is an essential mathematical tool in signal processing, transforming a time-domain signal into its frequency-domain representation. This transformation elucidates the relationship between time and frequency domains through several properties, each revealing unique aspects of signal behavior.
The Frequency Shifting property of Fourier Transforms highlights that a shift in the frequency domain corresponds to a phase shift in the time domain. Mathematically, if x(t) has...
Basic Operations on Signals01:22

Basic Operations on Signals

Basic signal operations include time reversal, time scaling, time shifting, and amplitude transformations. These operations are fundamental in signal processing and analysis.
Time Reversal mirrors a continuous-time signal about the vertical axis at t=0. This is achieved by substituting t with −t. For example, if a signal x(t) is considered, the time-reversed signal is x(−t). This operation can be graphically represented, showing the mirrored signal.
Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
Echo01:06

Echo

The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Properties of Fourier series I01:20

Properties of Fourier series I

The Fourier series is a powerful tool in signal processing and communications, allowing periodic signals to be expressed as sums of sine and cosine functions. A foundational property of the Fourier series is linearity. If we consider two periodic signals, their linear combination results in a new signal whose Fourier coefficients are simply the corresponding linear combinations of the original signals' coefficients. This property is crucial in applications like frequency modulation (FM) radio,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of Type of Speech Equalization and Averaging Method on the Long-Term Average Speech Spectra of Five Indian Languages and British English.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2026
Same author

Individual differences in spectral temporal order judgment are associated with temporal fine structure processing.

Hearing research·2026
Same author

Asymmetries in human judgements of distance for approaching and receding sounds are predicted by a loudness model for time-varying sounds.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Effects of hearing loss, sex, age, noise exposure and listening skills on the detection of amplitude modulation of a 4-kHz carrier.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Calculation of lower bounds on the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests: relevance to the diagnosis of noise-induced hearing loss.

International journal of audiology·2026
Same author

Hearing Aids: What Works Well and What Can Be Improved.

Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·2026
Same journal

High-resolution depth estimation for multiple wideband sources in deep sea via sparse Bayesian learninga).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Depression markers in speech: An approach based on tract variables dynamics.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

The oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau) alters active and diurnal calling amid vessel noise in New York City.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Experimental noise characterisation of phase-locked tandem-rotor in edgewise flight.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

The tune-text-temporal synergy: Prosodic effects of final segmental weakening in Neapolitan.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Monitoring vessel movement above critical offshore infrastructure using distributed acoustic sensing.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

Sequential streaming due to manipulation of interaural time differences.

Thomas H Stainsby1, Christian Fullgrabe, Helen J Flanagan

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England. ths22@cam.ac.uk

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|September 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interaural time differences (ITDs) create spatial separation, but this study found they only weakly influence auditory stream segregation. Even significant ITDs had minimal impact on distinguishing sound streams.

More Related Videos

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents
10:27

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents

Published on: April 19, 2019

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
12:03

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials

Published on: May 25, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents
10:27

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents

Published on: April 19, 2019

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
12:03

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials

Published on: May 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Perceptual Psychology

Background:

  • Auditory stream segregation separates complex sounds into distinct perceptual streams.
  • Interaural time differences (ITDs) are cues for sound localization, creating a sense of apparent spatial location.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how apparent spatial location, manipulated via ITDs, affects obligatory auditory stream segregation.
  • To determine the strength of the relationship between spatial cues and the perceptual separation of sound sequences.

Main Methods:

  • Used bandpass-filtered harmonic complexes with varying ITDs (0 to 2 ms).
  • Measured the threshold for detecting rhythmic irregularities in interleaved tone sequences (A and B tones).
  • Varied the frequency passbands of the A and B tones across two experiments.

Main Results:

  • Increasing ITDs generally increased the detection threshold for rhythmic irregularities.
  • This effect was most pronounced when the A and B tones shared the same frequency passband.
  • Significant effects were observed for ITDs greater than 0.5 ms.

Conclusions:

  • Apparent spatial location differences, induced by ITDs, exert only a weak influence on obligatory auditory stream segregation.
  • Other factors, potentially related to spectral or temporal processing, may play a more dominant role in stream segregation.