Single coronary artery-right ventricular fistula

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pediatric Cardiology
• Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

• Coronary artery anomalies are rare congenital heart defects.
• A single coronary artery is an uncommon anomaly, often asymptomatic or presenting with varied symptoms.
• Coronary artery fistulas can lead to significant hemodynamic alterations.

Observation:

• A 4-year-old male presented with a rare combination of coronary artery fistula and a single left coronary artery.
• Pre-operative assessments including echocardiography and selective angiography revealed a dilated, tortuous single coronary artery.
• The anomalous vessel was observed to drain directly into the right ventricular outflow tract.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with a complex coronary artery anomaly involving a single coronary artery and a fistula.
• Diagnostic imaging confirmed the anatomical details and the fistula's drainage pathway.
• Successful surgical ligation of the coronary artery fistula was performed.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of thorough pre-operative evaluation for complex congenital coronary anomalies.
• Successful surgical management of coronary artery fistulas in pediatric patients can lead to favorable outcomes.
• Understanding rare coronary artery variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment strategies in pediatric cardiology.