Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
The Proteasome02:18

The Proteasome

Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important amongst these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. A series of enzymes carry out the ubiquitination of the target proteins - E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies
  1. Home
  3. Association Between Serum Cathepsin S And Mortality In Older Adults.
  1. Home
  3. Association Between Serum Cathepsin S And Mortality In Older Adults.

Related Experiment Video

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
11:32

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 3, 2025

Association between serum cathepsin S and mortality in older adults.

Elisabeth Jobs1, Erik Ingelsson, Ulf Risérus

  • 1Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Section of Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

JAMA
|September 1, 2011

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher serum cathepsin S levels are linked to increased mortality risk in elderly individuals. This finding suggests cathepsin S may play a role in age-related diseases and warrants further investigation.

More Related Videos

Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples
09:23

Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples

Published on: May 21, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
11:32

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 3, 2025

Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples
09:23

Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples

Published on: May 21, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Experimental data indicate cathepsin S, a cysteine protease, is implicated in cardiovascular disease and cancer pathways.
  • Prospective data on the association between circulating cathepsin S levels and mortality are currently limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between serum cathepsin S levels and mortality risk.
  • Investigate this association in two independent cohorts of elderly men and women.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study design utilizing the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) and the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) cohorts.
  • Serum cathepsin S levels were measured, and total mortality was tracked over extended follow-up periods.
  • Multivariable Cox regression models were employed, adjusting for numerous cardiovascular and lifestyle risk factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Higher serum cathepsin S levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in both the ULSAM and PIVUS cohorts.
    • In the ULSAM cohort, elevated cathepsin S also correlated with increased cardiovascular mortality and cancer mortality.
    • Hazard ratios indicated a consistent increased risk for mortality with higher cathepsin S concentrations across both cohorts.

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated serum cathepsin S levels are associated with a higher risk of mortality in elderly populations.
    • Further research is necessary to elucidate the precise role of cathepsin S in disease pathogenesis and its potential clinical utility as a biomarker.