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Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology.

Ennio De Gregorio¹, Rino Rappuoli

¹Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Siena, Italy. ennio.de_gregorio@novartis.com

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Summary

New vaccine technologies can overcome limitations of conventional vaccines by addressing pathogen diversity and triggering diverse immune responses for better infection prevention. This advancement aims to create effective vaccines against challenging diseases where traditional methods have failed.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Vaccinology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Conventional vaccines excel against conserved antigens via antibody responses, eradicating diseases and reducing mortality.
Many global infections remain unpreventable due to pathogen antigen variability, necessitating broader immune responses beyond antibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore novel vaccine technologies for overcoming limitations of conventional approaches.
To leverage advancements in antigen discovery, expression, and formulation for improved vaccine design.
To utilize genomic assays and systems biology for identifying vaccine correlates of protection.

Main Methods:

Development of novel vaccine platforms capable of handling pathogen diversity.
Application of advanced antigen discovery and expression techniques.
Integration of genomic assays and systems biology in human immunology studies.

Main Results:

Novel technologies enable vaccine development that addresses pathogen diversity.
Multifunctional immune responses can be triggered by new vaccine approaches.
Genomic and systems biology methods aid in identifying key vaccine correlates of protection.

Conclusions:

New vaccine technologies offer a path to combat infections resistant to conventional vaccines.
Understanding distinct human immune responses is crucial for rational vaccine design.
Future vaccines can be more effective against diverse and challenging pathogens.