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Related Concept Videos

Dimensions of Health and Illness01:21

Dimensions of Health and Illness

The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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Updated: May 29, 2026

A Murine Pancreatic Islet Cell-based Screening for Diabetogenic Environmental Chemicals
07:39

A Murine Pancreatic Islet Cell-based Screening for Diabetogenic Environmental Chemicals

Published on: June 25, 2018

Geoenvironmental diabetology.

Curtiss B Cook1, Kay E Wellik, Margaret Fowke

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA. cook.curtiss@mayo.edu

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|September 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Geoenvironmental diabetology studies how geophysical events impact diabetes management, affecting metabolic control, supplies, and patient care. Preparing for climate change and disasters is crucial for diabetes patients globally.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental health
  • Endocrinology
  • Geosciences

Background:

  • Environmental stressors negatively impact patients with diabetes.
  • Existing research on environment-diabetes interactions can be unified.
  • Geoenvironmental diabetology is proposed as a new interdisciplinary field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define geoenvironmental diabetology.
  • To review existing literature on geoenvironmental impacts on diabetes.
  • To discuss strategies for managing diabetes in extreme conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on environmental stressors and diabetes.
  • Definition and conceptualization of geoenvironmental diabetology.
  • Analysis of impacts on metabolic control, equipment, medications, and care access.

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A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
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Published on: February 28, 2013

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A Murine Pancreatic Islet Cell-based Screening for Diabetogenic Environmental Chemicals
07:39

A Murine Pancreatic Islet Cell-based Screening for Diabetogenic Environmental Chemicals

Published on: June 25, 2018

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
10:03

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory

Published on: February 28, 2013

Main Results:

  • Geoenvironmental phenomena adversely affect patients with diabetes.
  • Impacts include compromised metabolic control, equipment malfunction, and disrupted access to care.
  • Extreme events like natural disasters and heat waves are key stressors.

Conclusions:

  • Geoenvironmental diabetology offers a framework for understanding environmental influences on diabetes.
  • There is a growing need to prepare for diabetes management amidst climate change and increased disaster vulnerability.
  • Developing adaptive strategies for geoenvironmental diabetes management is essential.