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Related Concept Videos

Leaving Groups02:14

Leaving Groups

The nature of leaving groups strongly influences the outcome of a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
In general, in a nucleophilic substitution reaction, a nucleophile displaces a functional group, called the leaving group, from the substrate to give a substituted product. A leaving group departs the substrate molecule through heterolytic cleavage, taking the pair of electrons with it to become a relatively stable weak base in the form of an anion or a neutral molecule.  
In a nucleophilic...
Lumber01:19

Lumber

Lumber is derived from logs which are harvested, debarked, and processed into long pieces with a rectangular cross-section. The transformation of logs into lumber involves multiple steps, beginning with an automated saw that slices the log into slabs. These slabs are then transported via a conveyor belt to smaller saws, where they are cut into square-edged pieces of specific widths.
Initially, the surfaces of these lumber pieces are rough, and their dimensions may vary slightly from one end to...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Latitudes and Departures01:27

Latitudes and Departures

Latitudes and departures are essential concepts in surveying, providing a systematic way to analyze the projections of traverse lines. These projections allow surveyors to interpret a line's north-south and east-west components, which are crucial for precisely calculating areas, bearings, and lengths. Latitude is the north-south projection of a line, calculated as the product of the line's length and the cosine of its bearing. Departure, conversely, is the east-west projection obtained by...
Locus of Control01:26

Locus of Control

Locus of control describes how individuals perceive the causes of events in their lives, influencing motivation and well-being. Introduced by Julian Rotter in 1954, it is categorized into internal and external locus of control.Internal Locus of ControlIndividuals with an internal locus of control believe their actions determine outcomes, fostering responsibility, self-efficacy, and motivation. For example, an employee may attribute career success to hard work. Research links this mindset to...

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Expression of Fluorescent Proteins in Branchiostoma lanceolatum by mRNA Injection into Unfertilized Oocytes
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Published on: January 12, 2015

Lancing: quo vadis?

Lutz Heinemann1, Dirk Boecker

  • 1Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH, Neuss, Germany.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|September 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Lancing devices for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) remain crucial despite discomfort. Future innovations focus on comfort and integrated systems to improve patient adherence and diabetes management.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Diabetes Technology
  • Medical Device Development

Background:

  • Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is standard for diabetes management.
  • Lancing fingertips for blood samples causes pain and reduces patient adherence.
  • Lancing technology has lagged behind glucose meters and test strips in development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state and future directions of lancing technology for SMBG.
  • To identify key areas for development driven by patient and market needs.
  • To explore technical challenges and potential improvements in lancing devices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing lancing technologies and alternative blood sampling methods.
  • Analysis of technical feasibility and market acceptance of current and emerging solutions.

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  • Examination of customer needs, including comfort, cost, and device integration.
  • Main Results:

    • Lancing remains the primary method for SMBG blood sampling; alternatives like laser or minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring lack superiority or market acceptance.
    • Significant improvements in lancing devices address pain, wound healing, and sensitivity, with a trend towards cost reduction and integration with glucose monitors.
    • Highly comfortable lancing is technically achievable but requires complex and costly devices; simpler, cost-effective designs are needed.

    Conclusions:

    • Continued evolution of lancing and sampling technology is driven by the demand for maximum comfort and fully integrated, 'one-step' SMBG systems.
    • Addressing lancing discomfort is critical to overcoming a major barrier to patient adherence with SMBG regimens.
    • Advanced, user-friendly lancing devices can significantly improve user acceptance and potentially enhance metabolic control more than new antidiabetic drugs.