Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Higher-order thalamic bursts are drivers of attention control.

Neuron·2026
Same author

Mammalian Brains Seen through the Lens of Evolution.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

Heading and Then Saccades Predict Visual Discrimination Decisions in Freely Moving Ferrets.

eNeuro·2026
Same author

Dynamic Modulation of Beta-Band Oscillations in the LGN and Their Role in Visual Processing.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

A Reconsideration of Parallel Processing in Vision: Importance of Lower Spatial Frequencies to Form Vision.

The European journal of neuroscience·2025
Same author

Causal role for pulvinar burst firing in thalamo-cortical attention control.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Distinct mechanisms for size tuning in primate visual cortex.

Farran Briggs1, W Martin Usrey

  • 1Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95618, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|September 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) use different temporal mechanisms to achieve size selectivity. These findings reveal novel ways V1 neurons integrate contextual information for feature detection.

More Related Videos

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
08:42

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Published on: February 8, 2020

Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging
11:24

Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging

Published on: December 12, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
08:42

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Published on: February 8, 2020

Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging
11:24

Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging

Published on: December 12, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual System
  • Cortical Circuits

Background:

  • Neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) exhibit size selectivity, crucial for detecting salient features.
  • Size selectivity arises from interactions within neuronal circuits, defining receptive field center and surround properties.
  • The precise mechanisms by which these subunits interact to achieve size selectivity remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of size selectivity in two classes of V1 pyramidal neurons.
  • To elucidate how different neuronal circuit architectures contribute to size tuning.
  • To identify novel mechanisms for contextual information integration in visual processing.

Main Methods:

  • Examined temporal dynamics of size selectivity in two classes of V1 pyramidal neurons (cortical layer 6) in alert monkeys.
  • Utilized sum-of-Gaussian models to analyze size tuning profiles.
  • Compared receptive field properties of neurons with fast- and slow-conducting axons.

Main Results:

  • Both neuronal groups showed comparable size selectivity but differed significantly in temporal tuning dynamics.
  • Neurons with fast-conducting axons had an excitatory center and suppressive surround with similar onset timing.
  • Neurons with slow-conducting axons exhibited an early wide-field excitatory component and a delayed narrow-field excitatory component, alongside the surround.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical neurons employ distinct temporal mechanisms to achieve size selectivity.
  • An early, wide-field component in slow-conducting axon neurons represents a novel mechanism for integrating contextual information.
  • The diversity in size tuning mechanisms highlights the role of intricate V1 circuit architecture.