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Related Concept Videos

Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...

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Randomized crossover comparison of two teriparatide self-injection regimens for primary osteoporosis: final report of the Japanese Osteoporosis Intervention Trial 06 (JOINT-06).

Journal of bone and mineral metabolism·2025
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Author's response to letter to the editor: Re: Randomized crossover comparison of two teriparatide self-injection regimens for primary osteoporosis: interim report of JOINT-06.

Journal of bone and mineral metabolism·2025
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Retraction notice to 'Homocysteine as A Predictive Factor for Hip Fracture in Elderly Women With Parkinson's Disease' [The American Journal of Medicine 118 (2005) 1250-1255].

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Retraction notice to "Three-year experience with alendronate treatment in postmenopausal osteoporotic Japanese women with or without type 2 diabetes" [Diabetes Res. Clin. Pr. 93 (2011) 166-173].

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Randomized crossover comparison of two teriparatide self-injection regimens for primary osteoporosis: Interim report (end of 52-week treatment) of the Japanese Osteoporosis Intervention Trial 06 (JOINT-06).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Using Inducible Osteoblastic Lineage-Specific Stat3 Knockout Mice to Study Alveolar Bone Remodeling During Orthodontic Tooth Movement
05:25

Using Inducible Osteoblastic Lineage-Specific Stat3 Knockout Mice to Study Alveolar Bone Remodeling During Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Published on: July 21, 2023

[Effect of exercise on developing bone mass and cortical bone geometry].

Jun Iwamoto1

  • 1Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.

Clinical Calcium
|September 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical load from exercise, like jumping, significantly boosts bone mass and strength. Combining jumping exercise with calcium during puberty is key for maximizing bone mineral content, especially in girls before menarche.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Sports Science
  • Bone Biology and Physiology

Context:

  • Mechanical load, primarily from muscle and gravitational forces, is crucial for bone development.
  • Higher mechanical loads lead to greater increases in bone mass and strength.
  • Jumping exercise generates substantial mechanical forces beneficial for bone.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the role of mechanical load in bone development.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of jumping exercise and calcium supplementation for enhancing bone mineral content.
  • To determine optimal timing for interventions to maximize peak bone mass in girls.

Summary:

  • Mechanical loading, particularly from high-impact activities like jumping, stimulates bone growth.
  • Concurrent calcium supplementation during pre- and peri-pubertal stages enhances these effects.

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Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Using Inducible Osteoblastic Lineage-Specific Stat3 Knockout Mice to Study Alveolar Bone Remodeling During Orthodontic Tooth Movement
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Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments
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Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

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  • Early intervention in girls before menarche is critical for achieving peak bone mass.
  • Impact:

    • Highlights the importance of physical activity and nutrition for skeletal health.
    • Provides evidence for targeted interventions to improve bone density during critical developmental periods.
    • Informs strategies for preventing osteoporosis and related bone diseases later in life.