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Related Concept Videos

Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
Integrins01:10

Integrins

Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

In vitro Cell Migration and Invasion Assays
09:55

In vitro Cell Migration and Invasion Assays

Published on: June 1, 2014

Integrins in cell migration.

Anna Huttenlocher1, Alan Rick Horwitz

  • 1Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wsconsin 53706, USA.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|September 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores cell migration, detailing integrin-dependent and -independent pathways. It highlights how cell adhesion sites act as signaling hubs, crucial for migration and cellular polarity.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

In vitro Cell Migration and Invasion Assays
09:55

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Published on: June 1, 2014

Real-Time In Vitro Migration Assay for Primary Murine CD8+ T Cells
06:42

Real-Time In Vitro Migration Assay for Primary Murine CD8+ T Cells

Published on: May 24, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Integrin-based adhesion is a key model for understanding cell migration.
  • Cell adhesion is fundamental to cellular movement, both in vitro and in vivo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline integrin-dependent and -independent modes of cell migration.
  • To discuss the function of adhesion contacts as signaling centers and traction sites.
  • To explore mechanisms of adhesion assembly/disassembly and their role in cellular polarity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cell migration and adhesion.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involved in cell adhesion and migration.
  • Examination of the interplay between adhesion, signaling, and substrate properties.

Main Results:

  • Adhesion contacts serve as critical signaling centers linking the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the actin cytoskeleton.
  • These sites function as traction points, regulating cell migration.
  • Mechanisms of adhesion assembly and disassembly are integral to cellular polarity during migration.

Conclusions:

  • Cell adhesion is a dynamic process involving complex signaling networks.
  • Understanding adhesion mechanisms is vital for comprehending cell migration and polarity.
  • Adhesion dynamics are influenced by substrate pliability and signaling crosstalk.