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Updated: May 29, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
HIV-TB: the 'cursed duet'
Amitabh Kumar1, Upasna Agarwal
1Charak Palika Hospital, New Delhi.
Abstract:
Tuberculosis is the most common infection among HIV-infected patients in India. More deaths were reported due to tuberculosis in AIDS patients in pre-antiretroviral therapy era. HIV is the strongest of all known, risk factors for the development of TB. Tuberculosis can develop at any stage of the HIV disease. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is more common and constitues half of the cases in HIV-infected individual with TB. Hilar lymphadenopathy is frequently observed. TB in HIV frequently poses a diagnostic challenge. Acid-fast bacillus demonstration on sputum smear microscopy is the main-stay laboratory investigation for TB. In addition to antituberculous therapy, antiretroviral therapy must be initiated in HIV-infected individual with TB. Early referrals to the RNTCP and ART programmes are the best option for management.
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