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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Experimental Generation of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) from Human Mammary Fibroblasts
15:43

Experimental Generation of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) from Human Mammary Fibroblasts

Published on: October 25, 2011

Atypical fibroxanthoma.

Akio Sakamoto1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Clinical Medicine. Oncology
|September 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a skin lesion often found on sun-exposed skin in older adults. Differentiating AFX from skin cancers like squamous cell carcinoma requires specific histological and immunohistochemical analysis.

Keywords:
atypical fibroxanthomamalignant fibrous histiocytomamalignant melanomasquamous cell carcinoma

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Experimental Generation of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) from Human Mammary Fibroblasts
15:43

Experimental Generation of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) from Human Mammary Fibroblasts

Published on: October 25, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) presents as a nodular, ulcerative dermal lesion with a generally favorable prognosis.
  • AFX predominantly affects elderly individuals and commonly appears on sun-exposed skin, indicating a strong association with ultraviolet radiation exposure.
  • Distinguishing AFX from more aggressive malignancies such as squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma is diagnostically challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges in differentiating Atypical fibroxanthoma from other skin neoplasms.
  • To emphasize the importance of specific diagnostic criteria for accurate Atypical fibroxanthoma identification.
  • To explore the relationship between Atypical fibroxanthoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and histological features of Atypical fibroxanthoma.
  • Application of immunohistochemical markers, including cytokeratins, S100, and HMB45, to aid in differential diagnosis.
  • Comparative analysis of Atypical fibroxanthoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

Main Results:

  • Atypical fibroxanthoma is characterized by specific histological findings and a lack of immunostaining for cytokeratins, S100, and HMB45, which helps exclude squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.
  • AFX is recognized as a fibrohistiocytic lesion with myofibroblastic differentiation, distinct from malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH).
  • While AFX and MFH may share morphological determinants, their developmental pathways and biological behaviors are considered different.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of Atypical fibroxanthoma relies on a combination of histological examination and specific immunohistochemical markers.
  • Understanding the molecular and clinical associations, particularly with ultraviolet radiation, is crucial for diagnosing AFX.
  • Atypical fibroxanthoma is a distinct entity from malignant fibrous histiocytoma, despite shared fibrohistiocytic characteristics.