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Variables Affecting the Gingival Embrasure Space in Aesthetically Important Regions: Differences between Central and
Marco Montevecchi1, Vittorio Checchi, Laura Piana
1Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
The Open Dentistry Journal
|September 6, 2011
Summary
Upper jaw papilla appearance depends on patient age and specific dental measurements. Central papillae are more resilient than lateral ones, especially with greater bone support, impacting aesthetic treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Periodontology
- Dental Aesthetics
Background:
- Interdental papillae are crucial for dental aesthetics and function.
- Understanding factors influencing papilla presence is vital for predictable treatment outcomes.
- Variations in papilla morphology and presence exist between central and lateral positions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate personal and clinical variables affecting central and lateral upper jaw papilla appearance.
- To analyze radiographic determinants of papilla presence and recession.
- To identify differences between central and lateral papillae for improved treatment planning.
Main Methods:
- Examined 292 interdental embrasures.
- Assessed personal variables: age, smoking, hygiene device use.
- Evaluated clinical factors: tooth shape, periodontal biotype, papilla appearance.
- Measured radiographic parameters: horizontal (root-to-root) and vertical (bone crest to contact point) distances.
Main Results:
- Papilla recession increased with patient age.
- Central papillae exhibited greater horizontal and vertical distances compared to lateral papillae.
- Papillae were consistently present at vertical distances ≤5 mm.
- Lateral papillae disappeared at vertical distances up to 6 mm, while central papillae persisted in 11% of cases.
- Class 1 central papillae remained present up to 8 mm vertical distance.
Conclusions:
- Significant clinical and radiographic differences exist between central and lateral upper jaw papillae.
- These determinants must be considered for achieving harmonious and stable aesthetic treatment results.
- Age and specific interdental bone and tooth measurements influence papilla presence and stability.
