Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
Modeling with Differential Equations01:25

Modeling with Differential Equations

Population dynamics can be described mathematically by considering the population size P(t) as a function of time. The rate of change of the population is then represented by the derivative of P(t). A simple assumption is that the rate of growth is proportional to the size of the population itself. This leads to an exponential growth model, where the population increases rapidly without bound. While this is a useful first approximation, it does not reflect realistic long-term...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Decreased sensitivity of the circadian system to light in current, but not remitted depression.

Journal of affective disorders·2019
Same author

Differentiating responders and non-responders to rTMS treatment for depression after one week using resting EEG connectivity measures.

Journal of affective disorders·2018
Same author

Responders to rTMS for depression show increased fronto-midline theta and theta connectivity compared to non-responders.

Brain stimulation·2017
Same author

Transcriptional signatures of connectomic subregions of the human striatum.

Genes, brain, and behavior·2017
Same author

Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.

PLoS computational biology·2013
Same author

Highly comparative fetal heart rate analysis.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2013
Same journal

A stable hothouse triggered by a tipping mechanism.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Beyond distance: quantifying point cloud dynamics with persistent homology and dynamic optimal transport.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Global stability of the Atlantic overturning circulation: edge state, long transients and boundary crisis under CO2 forcing.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Morse index classification and landscape of Kuramoto system for Hebbian-based binary pattern recognition.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Interpretable and equation-free response theory for complex systems.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Detecting the most probable transition phenomenon in a nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton system.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

Quantitative modelling of sleep dynamics.

P A Robinson1, A J K Phillips, B D Fulcher

  • 1School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. p.robinson@physics.usyd.edu.au

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|September 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models the brainstem

More Related Videos

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Biology
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Arousal regulation involves the ascending arousal system originating in the hypothalamus and brainstem.
  • This system influences the corticothalamic network, generating electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns indicative of sleep and wakefulness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a quantitative, physiologically based model of brainstem arousal dynamics.
  • To link these brainstem dynamics to observable EEG signatures.
  • To validate the model against diverse experimental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Physiologically based modeling of brainstem neural networks.
  • Incorporation of realistic model parameters.
  • Simulation of arousal dynamics under various physiological and experimental states.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully replicates EEG signatures of wake and sleep.
  • Model predictions align with experimental data across conditions like sleep deprivation, stimulant administration, and jetlag.
  • The study outlines the quantitative links between brainstem activity and EEG.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model provides a robust framework for understanding arousal control mechanisms.
  • This quantitative approach enhances the understanding of EEG generation in sleep and wake states.
  • The model serves as a valuable tool for investigating disruptions in arousal regulation.