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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management01:23

Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...
Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care01:28

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

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Updated: May 29, 2026

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
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A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

Apathy in acute stroke patients.

L Caeiro1, J M Ferro, M L Figueira

  • 1Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. laracaeiro@fm.ul.pt

European Journal of Neurology
|September 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Apathy is common in acute stroke patients and linked to intracerebral hemorrhage and right-sided brain lesions. This condition was not associated with cognitive impairment or depression but predicted a worse functional outcome.

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Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke
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Published on: January 18, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Apathy is a frequent complication observed in patients following a stroke.
  • Understanding the underlying causes and predictors of apathy in stroke is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if apathy in stroke patients is secondary to the stroke itself or hospitalization.
  • To investigate the relationship between apathy and specific stroke lesion locations (thalamic, striatocapsular).
  • To assess if apathy is independent of cognitive impairment and depression in the acute stroke phase and its association with functional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 94 acute stroke patients and 50 acute coronary syndrome patients.
  • Apathy was measured using the 10-item Apathy Evaluation Scale-Clinical.
  • Cognition, depression, and functional outcomes were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and modified Rankin Scale, respectively.

Main Results:

  • Apathy was present in 38.3% of acute stroke patients and 24% of acute coronary syndrome patients.
  • Independent predictors for apathy included cerebral hemorrhage (OR=3.5), low educational level (OR=4.7), and right hemispherical lesions (OR=3.0).
  • Apathy was not associated with cognitive impairment or depression but was linked to a worse functional outcome (P=0.03).

Conclusions:

  • Apathy is a frequent condition in patients experiencing acute stroke.
  • Acute intracerebral hemorrhage and right hemispherical lesions are significant predictors of apathy in stroke patients.
  • Apathy in acute stroke is an independent factor associated with poorer functional outcomes at discharge.