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Updated: May 29, 2026
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: July 28, 2023
Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection 2011
Anthony O'Connor1, Javier P Gisbert, Deirdre McNamara
1Department of Gastroenterology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital incorporating the National Children's Hospital/Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. jpoconno@tcd.ie
Abstract:
This article reviews the literature published pertaining to Helicobacter pylori eradication over the last year. The general perception among clinicians and academics engaged in research on H. pylori has been that eradication rates for first-line therapies are falling, although some data published this year have cast doubt on this. The studies published this year have therefore focussed on developing alternative strategies for the first-line eradication of H. pylori. In this regard, clear evidence now exists that both levofloxacin and bismuth are viable options for first-line therapy. The sequential and "concomitant" regimes have also been studied in new settings and may have a role in future algorithms also. In addition, data have emerged that the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii may be a useful adjunct to antibiotic therapy. Other studies promote individualized therapies based on host polymorphisms, age, and other such demographic factors.
Insights
Recent studies show falling Helicobacter pylori eradication rates, prompting research into alternative first-line therapies. Levofloxacin, bismuth, and probiotics like Saccharomyces boulardii show promise for improving H. pylori treatment success.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- A declining trend in first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication rates has been observed, raising concerns among clinicians and researchers.
- This perception necessitates the exploration of novel and effective therapeutic strategies to combat H. pylori infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize recent literature on Helicobacter pylori eradication strategies published within the last year.
- To identify and evaluate emerging alternative first-line therapies and adjunct treatments for H. pylori eradication.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies published in the past year concerning H. pylori eradication.
- Analysis of clinical trial data and observational studies evaluating new therapeutic regimens and adjuncts.
- Assessment of evidence supporting the efficacy of levofloxacin, bismuth, sequential, and concomitant therapies.
Main Results:
- Emerging data challenge the notion of universally falling eradication rates, suggesting some first-line therapies remain effective.
- Levofloxacin and bismuth have demonstrated viability as effective first-line H. pylori eradication options.
- Sequential and concomitant regimens show potential for future treatment algorithms, and Saccharomyces boulardii may serve as a beneficial adjunct to antibiotic therapy.
Conclusions:
- Alternative strategies, including levofloxacin and bismuth, are viable for first-line H. pylori eradication.
- Sequential, concomitant, and probiotic adjunct therapies warrant further investigation for optimizing H. pylori treatment.
- Individualized therapeutic approaches considering host factors may play a role in future H. pylori management.
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