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Rapid Quantification of Oxidized and Reduced Forms of Glutathione Using Ortho -phthalaldehyde in Cultured Mammalian Cells In Vitro

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Decrease in glutathione may be involved in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris.

Hiroshi Ikeno¹, Takumi Tochio, Hiroshi Tanaka

¹Ikeno Clinic of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, 1-14-4 Ginza Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan. cubikeno@tea.ocn.ne.jp

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology

|September 8, 2011

Summary

Acne vulgaris patients have lower levels of glutathione (GSH), a key antioxidant, in their skin compared to healthy individuals. This reduction in GSH may contribute to acne development and can be further lowered by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH).

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Biochemistry
Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

Oxidative stress, involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxide (LPO), is implicated in acne vulgaris pathogenesis.
This study investigates the role of antioxidant activity, specifically glutathione (GSH), in acne development.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare glutathione (GSH) levels in the stratum corneum of acne vulgaris patients and healthy subjects.
To explore the relationship between GSH levels and acne pathogenesis.
To examine the in vitro effect of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on GSH synthesis.

Main Methods:

Stratum corneum samples were collected from facial lesions, uninvolved facial skin, and upper arms of acne patients and healthy controls.
Quantification of GSH was performed in all collected samples.
In vitro experiments assessed the impact of α-MSH on GSH synthesis-related gene expression.

Main Results:

Acne patients exhibited significantly lower GSH quantities in their stratum corneum compared to healthy subjects.
No significant difference in GSH levels was observed between acne-involved and uninvolved skin in acne patients.
In vitro, α-MSH significantly decreased the expression of Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), a GSH synthesis gene.

Conclusions:

A decrease in GSH quantity, leading to reduced antioxidative activity, is likely a significant factor in acne vulgaris pathogenesis.
Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) may exacerbate acne by further reducing GSH levels.