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Multifocal oligodendroglioma in three dogs.

Michael W Koch¹, Melissa D Sánchez, Sam Long

¹Department of Clinical Studies, Internal Medicine Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association

|September 8, 2011

Summary

Multifocal oligodendrogliomas are rare canine brain tumors. These tumors can cause varied neurological signs and may not always be detected by MRI, highlighting the need for histopathology.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Neurology
Canine Pathology
Neoplastic Disease

Background:

Oligodendrogliomas are primary brain tumors in dogs.
Multifocal presentation is uncommon and poses diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

Three canine patients presented with varied clinical signs including seizures and behavioral changes.
Neurological deficits such as ataxia and proprioceptive deficits were observed.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings were inconsistent, with one patient showing multifocal lesions and another having normal imaging.

Findings:

Histopathology confirmed multifocal oligodendrogliomas infiltrating the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord in all three dogs.
Leptomeningeal extension was noted in two of the three cases.

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All patients were euthanized due to disease progression or complications like aspiration pneumonia.

Implications:

Oligodendrogliomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis for canine patients presenting with multifocal brain disease.
The variable imaging appearance underscores the importance of histopathological confirmation for accurate diagnosis.
This case series contributes to understanding the clinical and pathological spectrum of canine oligodendrogliomas.