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Related Concept Videos

Radical Autoxidation01:20

Radical Autoxidation

The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules01:29

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules

UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy π → π* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated π system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given structure by adding the contributions...
Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Cholinergic antagonists bind to cholinergic receptors and limit the effects of acetylcholine and other cholinergic agonists. Based on the specific cholinergic receptor affinity, these antagonists are classified as muscarinic or nicotinic. Anticholinergics interrupt parasympathetic innervations while sympathetic innervations remain uninterrupted. Muscarinic antagonists are also called 'muscarinic antagonists', 'antimuscarinics', or 'parasympatholytics'. Nicotinic antagonists are called...
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
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Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Published on: December 27, 2024

Dietary chromones as antioxidant agents--the structural variable.

M M Dias1, N F L Machado, M P M Marques

  • 1Research Unit Molecular Physical Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Portugal.

Food & Function
|September 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three chromone derivatives, fisetin, luteolin, and quercetin, demonstrate potent free radical scavenging abilities. This study establishes structure-activity relationships for these effective antiradicals.

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Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development
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Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development

Published on: April 15, 2013

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Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
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Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development
14:22

Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development

Published on: April 15, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oxidative stress is implicated in numerous diseases.
  • Natural and synthetic compounds are investigated for antioxidant properties.
  • Chromone derivatives are a class of compounds with potential biological activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of chromone derivatives.
  • To correlate structural features and conformational behavior with antioxidant efficacy.
  • To identify effective antiradical compounds within the chromone class.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH˙) assay to assess radical scavenging properties.
  • Employed ab initio theoretical calculations to predict key parameters like enthalpy of formation.
  • Synthesized and tested eighteen distinct chromone derivatives.

Main Results:

  • Fisetin, luteolin, and quercetin were identified as potent free radical scavengers.
  • Established consistent structure-activity relationships (SARs) for antioxidant activity.
  • Computational data supported experimental findings on radical scavenging mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Chromone derivatives, particularly fisetin, luteolin, and quercetin, exhibit significant antioxidant potential.
  • Structural and conformational factors are critical determinants of antiradical activity in chromones.
  • This research provides a foundation for developing novel antioxidant agents based on chromone scaffolds.