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Systemic radiotherapy--the new frontier.

S E Order1

  • 1Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD 21205.

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Systemic radiation therapy using isotopes shows promise for various cancers. Iodine-131 in thyroid cancer achieved high local control, and targeted radioimmunotherapy demonstrates significant remission rates in Hodgkin

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Radiotherapy

Background:

  • Systemic administration of isotopes and conjugated isotopic combinations are currently utilized.
  • Radioimmunotherapy has shown efficacy in specific cancer types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current use of systemically administered isotopes in cancer therapy.
  • To discuss specificity-directed isotopic therapy, including metabolic, hormonal, and antibody-based approaches.
  • To highlight clinical results and new knowledge in various cancers treated with systemic radiation therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on systemic isotope administration.
  • Analysis of clinical results from Iodine-131 therapy in thyroid cancer.
  • Evaluation of radioimmunotherapy (e.g., 131I antiferritin, 90Yttrium antiferritin) in Hodgkin's disease and other cancers.

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  • Discussion of factors influencing isotopic therapy, including tumor physiology and isotopic linkage.

    • Main Results:

    • Iodine-131 administration in thyroid cancer resulted in 97% local control and 50% complete remission of pulmonary metastases.
    • Hodgkin's disease treated with 131I antiferritin showed a 40% partial remission rate.
    • Treatment with 90Yttrium antiferritin demonstrated a 50% complete response rate in Hodgkin's disease.
    • Clinical results for non-Hodgkin's, colorectal, hepatoma, intrahepatic biliary, and gliomatous cancers were reviewed.

    Conclusions:

    • Systemic radiation therapy with isotopes offers significant therapeutic potential across various malignancies.
    • Specificity-directed radioimmunotherapy, considering tumor physiology, is a key area of development.
    • Further research and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential for advancing systemic radiation therapy.