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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Fabrication of Robust Nanoscale Contact between a Silver Nanowire Electrode and CdS Buffer Layer in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin-film Solar Cells
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Fabrication of Robust Nanoscale Contact between a Silver Nanowire Electrode and CdS Buffer Layer in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin-film Solar Cells

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Solution-processed flexible polymer solar cells with silver nanowire electrodes.

Liqiang Yang1, Tim Zhang, Huaxing Zhou

  • 1Curriculum in Applied Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3287, USA.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Silver nanowires offer a flexible, low-cost alternative to indium tin oxide anodes in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). These new anodes enable the fabrication of efficient, flexible bulk heterojunction solar cells suitable for roll-to-roll manufacturing.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energy Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Indium tin oxide (ITO) is the conventional anode for organic photovoltaics (OPVs) but is unsuitable for roll-to-roll manufacturing due to cost and brittleness.
  • Developing alternative anode materials is crucial for advancing flexible and economically viable OPVs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and evaluate solution-processed polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells using silver nanowires (Ag NWs) as a flexible anode alternative to ITO.
  • To investigate the performance and mechanical stability of these BHJ solar cells, particularly under deformation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of BHJ solar cells with a configuration of Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS/polymer:PCBM/Ca/Al.
  • Testing device efficiency on both glass and flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates.
  • Assessing the performance of flexible solar cells under large deformation (up to 120°).

Main Results:

  • Solar cells fabricated on Ag NW anodes achieved efficiencies of 2.8% (on glass) and 2.5% (on PET).
  • Device efficiency was limited by the work function of the Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS film and non-ideal ohmic contact.
  • Highly flexible BHJ solar cells on Ag NWs/PET demonstrated recoverable efficiency of 2.5% after significant deformation.

Conclusions:

  • Silver nanowire electrodes are a viable, low-cost, and flexible alternative to ITO for OPVs.
  • Further interface engineering can enhance the performance of Ag NW-based anodes.
  • This advancement improves the economic viability and mechanical stability of OPVs, paving the way for roll-to-roll production.