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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications

Published on: September 27, 2019

Localization of multiple DNA sequences on nanopatterns.

M Serdar Onses¹, Piyush Pathak, Chi-Chun Liu

¹Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.

|September 9, 2011

Summary

This study demonstrates nanoscale DNA patterning using charged substrates and gold nanoparticles. This method enables precise placement of DNA for enhanced hybridization and metrology in electron microscopy.

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Simple, Affordable, and Modular Patterning of Cells using DNA

Simple, Affordable, and Modular Patterning of Cells using DNA

Published on: February 24, 2021

Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Materials Science
Biotechnology

Background:

Precise nanoscale patterning is crucial for advanced electronic and biological applications.
Immobilizing DNA sequences on surfaces is essential for biosensors and DNA computing.
Existing methods face challenges in resolution, efficiency, and metrology.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel method for site-specific nanoscale patterning of DNA oligonucleotides.
To utilize gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for enhanced DNA immobilization and surface characterization.
To achieve high-resolution DNA patterns for improved hybridization efficiency.

Main Methods:

Generating positively charged areas on insulating substrates (hydrogen silsesquioxane, SiO(2)/Si) using electron beam and extreme ultraviolet lithography.
Immobilizing negatively charged, single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides covalently bound to 15 nm Au NPs onto the exposed charged regions.
Employing repeated exposure and Au NP deposition cycles to pattern multiple DNA sequences.
Utilizing scanning electron microscopy for metrology and assessing hybridization efficiency.

Main Results:

Achieved site-specific immobilization of DNA-functionalized Au NPs on patterned substrates.
Fabricated DNA patterns with feature sizes as small as 15 nm using electron beam lithography.
Demonstrated improved hybridization efficiency of surface-bound oligonucleotides due to Au NP functionalization.
Enabled enhanced metrology of nanoscale patterns via scanning electron microscopy.

Conclusions:

The developed method allows for high-resolution, site-specific nanoscale patterning of DNA oligonucleotides.
DNA-functionalized Au NPs offer advantages in surface metrology and oligonucleotide hybridization efficiency.
This technique holds potential for applications in biosensing, DNA nanotechnology, and nanofabrication.