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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Complement System01:27

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Real-time Live Imaging of T-cell Signaling Complex Formation
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Published on: June 23, 2013

T cell activation by terminal complex of complement and immune complexes.

Anil K Chauhan1, Terry L Moore1

  • 1Division of Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|September 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Immune complexes (ICs) and complement C5b-9 activate T cells, leading to proliferation and IFN-γ production. This suggests a role for ICs and C5b-9 in systemic lupus erythematosus immunopathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involves T cell hyperactivation and complement consumption.
  • The precise triggers for T cell alterations in SLE remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of immune complexes (ICs) and the terminal complement complex (C5b-9) on T cell activation.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which these components influence T cell behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of naive CD4(+) T cells and Jurkat cells with preformed ICs and C5b-9.
  • Analysis of cellular behavior, signaling protein phosphorylation, cytoskeletal organization, and cytokine production.

Main Results:

  • C5b-9 alone induced aggregation of membrane rafts and CD3 complex recruitment but not T cell activation.
  • ICs combined with nonlytic C5b-9 triggered T cell receptor signaling, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and F-actin spindle formation.
  • This combination induced T cell proliferation and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production.

Conclusions:

  • ICs and nonlytic C5b-9 can modulate T cell responses, potentially contributing to SLE pathogenesis.
  • These findings suggest a mechanism for T cell involvement in chronic inflammatory disorders.