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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA
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Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

Chronic hepatitis B infection: a workshop consensus statement and algorithm.

James A McHugh1, Samuel Cullison, Joseph Apuzzio

  • 1Swedish Family Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.

The Journal of Family Practice
|September 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This consensus provides an evidence-based algorithm for hepatitis B screening, guiding healthcare professionals on patient selection and timely management strategies for effective public health interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health and Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global health concern, necessitating clear guidelines for screening and management.
  • Current screening protocols can be complex, leading to potential delays in diagnosis and treatment.

Framework:

  • An evidence-based algorithm has been developed through a consensus workshop.
  • The algorithm outlines specific criteria for identifying individuals who require hepatitis B screening.

Implementation:

  • Recommendations detail the optimal timing for initiating hepatitis B screening in diverse patient populations.
  • The framework addresses the subsequent steps for further evaluation and management upon positive screening results.

Implications:

  • This consensus aims to standardize and improve the efficiency of hepatitis B screening and care pathways.
  • Implementing these recommendations can lead to earlier detection and better outcomes for patients with or at risk of hepatitis B.
  • Facilitates informed clinical decision-making in hepatitis B management and public health strategies.