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Related Concept Videos

Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
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Combined Effects of Drugs: Antagonism

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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Published on: May 30, 2025

Combination contraceptives: effects on weight.

Maria F Gallo1, Laureen M Lopez, David A Grimes

  • 1Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 30341-3724.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|September 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combination contraceptives, like birth control pills and patches, do not appear to cause significant weight gain. Current evidence is insufficient to confirm a causal link between these hormonal methods and weight changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Weight gain is a commonly perceived side effect of combination hormonal contraceptives.
  • Concerns about weight gain may deter women from using or cause them to discontinue highly effective contraceptive methods.
  • A definitive causal relationship between combination contraceptives and weight gain has not been established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate the potential association between the use of combination contraceptives and changes in body weight.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials to clarify the impact of combination contraceptives on weight.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a comprehensive literature search of multiple databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, POPLINE, EMBASE, LILACS) and clinical trial registries.
  • Included English-language randomized controlled trials with at least three treatment cycles comparing combination contraceptives to placebo or different combination formulations.
  • Analyzed data using fixed-effect and Peto odds ratio models to assess mean weight difference and categorical weight changes.

Main Results:

  • Included 49 trials with 85 weight change comparisons across 52 distinct contraceptive pairs.
  • Four trials with placebo or no intervention groups found no evidence of a causal association between combination contraceptives and weight change.
  • Most comparisons between different combination contraceptives showed no significant weight difference, and discontinuation rates due to weight change were similar across groups.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence is insufficient to definitively establish the effect of combination contraceptives on weight, but no large effect is apparent.
  • Future trials evaluating combination contraceptives and weight change should include a placebo or non-hormonal group to control for confounding factors.
  • The perceived association between combination contraceptives and weight gain may not be supported by robust scientific evidence.