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Epidemiology of chikungunya in Malaysia: 2006-2009

K B Chua1

  • 1National Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease, Makmal Kesihatan Awam Kebangsaan, Kementerian Kesihatan, Lot 1853, Kg. Melayu, Sungai Buloh, Selangor 47000, Malaysia. chuakawbing@yahoo.com.sg

The Medical Journal of Malaysia
|September 10, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Chikungunya (CHIK) outbreaks occurred in Malaysia between 2006-2009, with laboratory confirmation in 45.9% of cases. Confirmed CHIK patients presented with higher rates of fever, arthralgia, and rash.

Area of Science:

  • * Epidemiology
  • * Infectious Diseases
  • * Public Health

Background:

  • * Chikungunya (CHIK) is a mosquito-borne viral illness causing significant public health concern.
  • * Understanding CHIK epidemiology is crucial for effective outbreak response and control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of chikungunya cases in Malaysia.
  • * To identify patterns of chikungunya outbreaks from 2006 to 2009.

Main Methods:

  • * Retrospective cross-sectional study utilizing laboratory and clinical data from referred patients.
  • * Analysis of 13,759 patient records from January 2006 to December 2009.
  • * Epidemic curves were plotted based on the onset of illness.

Main Results:

  • * A total of 6314 (45.9%) laboratory-confirmed CHIK cases and 7445 (54.1%) epidemiologically linked cases were identified.
  • * Three distinct CHIK outbreaks were observed: two in Perak (2006) and a larger, related outbreak originating in Johor (2008-2009) spreading across Malaysia.
  • * Laboratory-confirmed CHIK patients were younger (mean age 37.0 years) and exhibited a higher incidence of fever, arthralgia, and rash compared to epidemiologically linked cases.

Conclusions:

  • * Malaysia experienced significant chikungunya outbreaks between 2006 and 2009, with varying geographical and temporal patterns.
  • * Clinical presentation, particularly fever, arthralgia, and rash, is indicative of CHIK, with higher prevalence in laboratory-confirmed cases.
  • * The findings highlight the importance of laboratory confirmation for accurate CHIK diagnosis and surveillance.

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