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Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms

The alkali metal sodium (atomic number 11) has one more electron than the neon atom. This electron must go into the lowest-energy subshell available, the 3s orbital, giving a 1s22s22p63s1 configuration. The electrons occupying the outermost shell orbital(s) (highest value of n) are called valence electrons, and those occupying the inner shell orbitals are called core electrons. Since the core electron shells correspond to noble gas electron configurations, we can abbreviate electron...
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Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
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Published on: May 3, 2019

Thorium(IV) molecular clusters with a hexanuclear Th core.

Karah E Knope1, Richard E Wilson, Monica Vasiliu

  • 1Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States.

Inorganic Chemistry
|September 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized three polynuclear thorium(IV) molecular complexes using carboxylate ligands. These discrete, neutral clusters feature a hexanuclear thorium core, offering insights into thorium chemistry.

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Published on: April 10, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Thorium(IV) chemistry is crucial for nuclear energy and materials science.
  • Synthesis of polynuclear thorium complexes can lead to novel materials with unique properties.
  • Understanding the structural motifs and electronic properties of thorium clusters is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel polynuclear thorium(IV) molecular complexes.
  • To elucidate the structures and bonding of these hexanuclear thorium clusters.
  • To investigate the electronic structure and stability of the synthesized complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of amorphous thorium precipitate via hydrolysis.
  • Reaction of thorium precipitate with carboxylate functionalized ligands.
  • X-ray crystallography for structural determination.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) for electronic structure calculations.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of three discrete, neutral hexanuclear thorium(IV) molecular clusters.
  • Structures reveal a central [Th(6)(μ(3)-O)(4)(μ(3)-OH)(4)](12+) core decorated by carboxylate ligands.
  • DFT calculations predict the most stable proton positions, correlating with high cluster symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • The study reports the successful synthesis and structural characterization of novel polynuclear thorium(IV) complexes.
  • The findings highlight the versatility of carboxylate ligands in constructing complex thorium architectures.
  • The research provides fundamental insights into the coordination chemistry and electronic properties of thorium clusters.