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Could rapid diameter changes be facilitated by a variable hydraulic conductance?

Kathy Steppe¹, Hervé Cochard, André Lacointe

¹Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. kathy.steppe@UGent.be

Plant, Cell & Environment

|September 10, 2011

Summary

Radial water transport in trees is variable, not constant, and influenced by aquaporins. This finding impacts how we understand tree water movement and diameter changes.

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Area of Science:

Plant Physiology
Tree Hydraulics
Water Transport Mechanisms

Background:

Radial water transport between bark and xylem is vital for tree survival, preventing xylem embolism.
Radial hydraulic conductance is traditionally assumed to be constant, unlike variable root and leaf conductance.
The role of aquaporins in modulating radial water transport remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the variability of radial hydraulic conductance in tree stems/branches.
To determine if aquaporins modulate radial water transport.
To elucidate the mechanisms and routes of radial water movement.

Main Methods:

Correlated diameter changes in walnut (Juglans regia L.) twigs with water potential shifts induced by D-mannitol perfusion.
Applied temperature variations and cycloheximide (CHX), a protein synthesis inhibitor, to assess aquaporin involvement.
Analyzed the impact of these treatments on radial hydraulic conductance.

Main Results:

Diameter changes and water potential variations indicated variable radial hydraulic conductance.
CHX treatment inhibited diameter changes and showed temperature dependency, supporting aquaporin mediation.
Identified parallel apoplastic and cell-to-cell water transport routes, with aquaporin activity influencing their contribution.

Conclusions:

Radial hydraulic conductance in tree stems/branches is variable and modulated by aquaporin activity and/or abundance.
Water transport occurs via parallel apoplastic and cell-to-cell pathways, dynamically adjusted based on hydraulic demand.
The variability of radial water transport must be incorporated into models of tree diameter changes and water relations.