Oral erythema multiforme major: a triple case report

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oral Medicine
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute mucocutaneous condition often triggered by infections, particularly herpes simplex virus.
• Distinguishing EM major from Stevens-Johnson syndrome is crucial due to differing management and prognosis.
• Oral mucosal lesions are a common and significant manifestation of EM major.

Observation:

• Three cases of EM major with prominent oral lesions are presented: two males (28 and 10 years old) and one female (19 years old).
• All patients reported a history suggestive of preceding oral herpetic infection.
• Clinical presentation included oral vesiculoerosive lesions consistent with EM major.

Findings:

• Successful resolution of oral lesions was achieved in all three patients using a combination of topical and systemic corticosteroids.
• The cases underscore the link between herpetic infections and the development of EM major.
• Effective management strategies are available for EM major with oral manifestations.

Implications:

• Dentists must be aware of the clinical presentation and etiology of EM major to ensure accurate diagnosis.
• Understanding the differences between EM and Stevens-Johnson syndrome is vital for appropriate patient care.
• Prompt and correct management, including corticosteroid therapy, can lead to favorable outcomes in EM major.