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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

A Flow Cytometry-Based Cell Surface Protein Binding Assay for Assessing Selectivity and Specificity of an Anticancer Aptamer
10:46

A Flow Cytometry-Based Cell Surface Protein Binding Assay for Assessing Selectivity and Specificity of an Anticancer Aptamer

Published on: September 13, 2022

Cell-specific aptamers as emerging therapeutics.

Cindy Meyer1, Ulrich Hahn, Andrea Rentmeister

  • 1Chemistry Department, MIN Faculty, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.

Journal of Nucleic Acids
|September 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aptamers, or nucleic acid ligands, are selected using SELEX for specific targets. Recent cell-SELEX advancements focus on medical aptamer applications in therapy and drug delivery.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nucleic Acid Chemistry

Background:

  • Aptamers are short nucleic acids with high affinity and specificity for targets.
  • SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) is the established in vitro selection method.
  • Aptamers have diverse applications including biosensing, diagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize progress in cell-SELEX techniques.
  • To highlight recent developments in medically relevant aptamers.
  • To focus on therapeutic and drug-delivery applications of aptamers.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro selection process (SELEX) for aptamer discovery.
  • Adaptation of SELEX for complex targets like live cells (cell-SELEX).
  • Review of literature on aptamer development and applications.

Main Results:

  • Numerous aptamers have been selected for targets ranging from small molecules to whole cells.
  • Cell-SELEX has become feasible for selecting aptamers against complex biological targets.
  • Significant progress has been made in developing aptamers for medical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-SELEX techniques have advanced significantly.
  • Medically relevant aptamers show great promise for therapeutic and drug-delivery applications.
  • Aptamer technology continues to evolve with broad potential impact.