Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Oral Microbiota

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...

Development of the Oral Microbiota

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Syndecan-1 Promotes Streptococcus pneumoniae Corneal Infection by Facilitating the Assembly of Adhesive Fibronectin Fibrils.

mBio·2020

Same author

The streptococcal multidomain fibrillar adhesin CshA has an elongated polymeric architecture.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2020

Same author

The Group B Streptococcal surface antigen I/II protein, BspC, interacts with host vimentin to promote adherence to brain endothelium and inflammation during the pathogenesis of meningitis.

PLoS pathogens·2019

Same author

Comparative proteomic study of dog and human saliva.

PloS one·2018

Same author

Erratum for Cornick et al., "Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of an Invasive Group A Streptococcus <i>emm</i>32.2 Outbreak".

Journal of clinical microbiology·2018

Same author

Community Development between <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> Mediated by InlJ and Als3.

mBio·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface

Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface

Published on: July 4, 2018

Beyond the oral microbiome.

Howard F Jenkinson¹

¹School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK. howard.jenkinson@bristol.ac.uk

Environmental Microbiology

|September 13, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The human oral microbiome, with over 1200 species, forms complex communities influenced by site-specific factors. Understanding microbial interactions is key to manipulating these communities for improved host health.

More Related Videos

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device

Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device

Published on: August 30, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface

Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface

Published on: July 4, 2018

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device

Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device

Published on: August 30, 2016

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Human Microbiome Research
Oral Health Science

Background:

The human oral microbiome comprises 600-700 known taxa, with estimates suggesting up to ~1200 species.
Microbial communities in the oral cavity exhibit site-specific variations in composition.
Environmental factors like nutrient availability, pH, and host conditions shape oral microbial community structure and activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the genome content of oral microbial communities using advanced molecular techniques.
To understand the phenotypic interactions between cultivable microorganisms within these communities.
To integrate genomic, spatial, and functional data for constructing microbial community interactomes.

Main Methods:

Utilizing rapid and accurate molecular techniques for genome content characterization.
Investigating phenotypic interactions among cultivable oral microorganisms.
Combining genomic data with functional knowledge of microbial interplays.

Main Results:

Characterization of genome contents within individual oral microbial communities is now feasible.
Phenotypic interactions are crucial for complementing genomic data.
Development of microbial community interactomes incorporating genomic, spatial, and functional information is enabled.

Conclusions:

Understanding changes in genome composition and phenotypic interactions is vital.
These insights are crucial for developing strategies to manipulate oral microbial communities for host benefit.
Further research into niche, time, and environmental influences will enhance manipulation strategies.