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Related Concept Videos

Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

Overview
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance01:39

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

In 1866, Gregor Mendel published the results of his pea plant breeding experiments, providing evidence for predictable patterns in the inheritance of physical characteristics. The significance of his findings was not immediately recognized. In fact, the existence of genes was unknown at the time. Mendel referred to hereditary units as “factors.”
Inheritance01:25

Inheritance

Gregor Mendel's pioneering work on the principles of inheritance fundamentally transformed our understanding of how traits are transmitted from generation to generation. His experiments with pea plants laid the groundwork for the discovery of genes, discrete units within organisms that control heredity.
Each gene exists in pairs, and the combination of these genes from both parents forms an individual's genotype. This genotype is a blueprint of potential traits. Examples of genotype traits...
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Law of Independent Assortment02:03

Law of Independent Assortment

While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

Mendel's genes: toward a full molecular characterization.

James B Reid1, John J Ross

  • 1School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.

Genetics
|September 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Gregor Mendel's seven genes are being identified using molecular biology. These classic genetics studies reveal mutations from base changes to transposons, connecting Mendelian principles with modern molecular insights.

Area of Science:

  • Classical and molecular genetics
  • Plant genomics
  • History of genetics

Background:

  • Gregor Mendel's foundational work in classical genetics involved seven distinct hereditary traits.
  • Modern molecular techniques are crucial for identifying the specific genes responsible for these traits.

Observation:

  • Four of Mendel’s genes (A, LE, I, R) have been sequenced.
  • Two additional genes (GP, FA) are being investigated using candidate gene approaches.
  • The gene for pod form (likely V) remains uncharacterized.

Findings:

  • Mutations studied by Mendel likely resulted from diverse molecular causes, including base substitutions, splice site alterations, and transposon insertions.
  • The identified mutations provide a link between Mendelian genetics and molecular biology.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

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  • Mendel’s traits offer insights into genes controlling agronomic and consumer-valued characteristics.

    • Implications:

    • This research effectively bridges classical Mendelian genetics with contemporary molecular biology.
    • It provides valuable teaching material for educating future geneticists.
    • Understanding these genes offers new perspectives on crop improvement and consumer traits.