Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

Measuring memory in large group settings using a continuous recognition test.

J Wesson Ashford1, Emily Gere, Peter J Bayley

  • 1Stanford/VA Aging Clinical Research Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1290, USA.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|September 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a novel audience-based memory test to screen for early dementia signs. The test effectively demonstrated age-related memory decline and the impact of education, highlighting its potential for widespread use.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Randomized feasibility trial of tele-yoga versus in-person yoga for treating chronic musculoskeletal pain in veterans.

BMC complementary medicine and therapies·2026
Same author

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an online yoga program for managing symptoms of post-treatment lyme disease syndrome.

Complementary therapies in medicine·2026
Same author

Dreams of the deceased: A scoping and mixed-methods systematic review.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same author

Cognition improvement in U.S. veterans undergoing treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: Secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial.

Journal of traumatic stress·2025
Same author

Health Care Journeys of Veterans With Gulf War Illness.

Medical care·2025
Same author

Utility of a contemporary digital cognitive-motor biomarker in Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2025

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Age-related memory decline is common and a symptom of dementia.
  • Screening tests for memory impairment are underutilized in clinical practice.
  • A need exists for accessible, large-scale memory assessment tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize an audience-based memory test for simultaneous administration.
  • To assess the feasibility and reliability of a continuous recognition test in a large cohort.
  • To evaluate the influence of age, education, and gender on memory performance.

Main Methods:

  • A continuous recognition test using a slideshow of 50 images (25 repeated) was designed.
  • The test was administered to 1018 participants across 25 sites.

More Related Videos

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

  • Data from 868 participants (aged 40-97) on memory performance, age, education, and gender were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Recognition memory (d') significantly declined with age, with greater variability in older adults.
    • Lower education levels (<13 years) correlated with poorer memory performance.
    • No significant impact of gender on memory test outcomes was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed audience-based memory test is a practical tool for assessing memory function.
    • The test effectively identifies age- and education-related memory differences.
    • This approach offers a novel method for screening early signs of dementia in large populations.