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Thromboembolism in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review

Marzia Lazzerini1, Matteo Bramuzzo, Massimo Maschio

  • 1Unit of Research on Health Services and International Health, Institute for Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy. lazzerini@burlo.trieste.it

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|September 13, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face an increased risk of thromboembolism (TE). TE events in IBD children often occur during active disease and are linked to specific risk factors, necessitating further research for clear guidelines.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Hematology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an elevated risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism (TE) in adults.
  • Limited data exists on the incidence and characteristics of TE specifically in pediatric IBD populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize existing literature on the incidence and characteristics of thromboembolism (TE) in children diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive systematic review was conducted, searching multiple databases including Medline, LILACS, EMBASE, POPLINE, and CINHAL.
  • No language restrictions were applied during the search, which concluded in August 2010.

Main Results:

  • Population studies indicate a higher risk of TE in children with IBD compared to controls.
  • TE predominantly occurred during active disease (82.8%) and was more frequent in ulcerative colitis (OR 3.7).
  • Cerebral TE was the most common site (54.3%), with recurrence rates of 11.4% early and 10% late. Overall mortality was 5.7%.

Conclusions:

  • Further population-based studies are essential to accurately define TE risk in pediatric IBD.
  • Clarifying the role of risk factors, event characteristics, and establishing therapeutic and prophylactic guidelines are critical.
  • The findings highlight the need for increased awareness and management strategies for TE in children with IBD.
Abstract

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