Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

DNase1 RS1053874 Polymorphism is Associated with Early Neurological Recovery through NET Modulation and with Long-Term Survival in Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Annals of neurology·2026
Same author

Rowland Payne syndrome.

Neurologia·2021
Same author

[From in-person didactic sessions to videoconferencing during the COVID-19 pandemic: satisfaction survey among participants].

Revista de neurologia·2021
Same author

Rowland payne syndrome.

Neurologia·2021
Same author

Comparison of the clinical course of Clostridium difficile infection in glutamate dehydrogenase-positive toxin-negative patients diagnosed by PCR to those with a positive toxin test.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·2017
Same author

Association between Parkinson's disease and diabetes: Data from NEDICES study.

Acta neurologica Scandinavica·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Minimally Invasive Surgical Decompression of Occipital Nerves
04:06

Minimally Invasive Surgical Decompression of Occipital Nerves

Published on: September 13, 2024

Infiltrative cervical lesions causing symptomatic occipital neuralgia.

F Sierra-Hidalgo1, J Ruíz, A Morales-Cartagena

  • 1Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spain.

Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache
|September 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Occipital neuralgia can stem from underlying structural lesions, even with typical symptoms. Cranio-cervical MRI is crucial for diagnosing occipital nerve pain, even with normal exams.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Minimally Invasive Surgical Decompression of Occipital Nerves
04:06

Minimally Invasive Surgical Decompression of Occipital Nerves

Published on: September 13, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Occipital neuralgia presents as posterior head and neck pain, often without a clear local cause.
  • While atypical features suggest underlying issues, typical cases can also mask structural lesions.

Observation:

  • Two cases of occipital neuralgia are presented: one typical, one atypical.
  • Both cases were secondary to paravertebral pyomyositis and vertebral multiple myeloma relapse.

Findings:

  • These cases highlight that occipital neuralgia can be an isolated manifestation of serious underlying conditions.
  • Even typical clinical presentations and normal neurological exams do not rule out structural lesions.

Implications:

  • Cranio-cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended for all patients diagnosed with occipital neuralgia.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis through MRI can prevent delayed treatment of potentially severe underlying pathologies.