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Updated: May 29, 2026
Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: September 8, 2023
A comparison of three-dimensional and two-dimensional cephalometric evaluations of children with cleft lip and palate
Ozlem Tulunoglu1, Elcin Esenlik, Ayse Gulsen
1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Objectives:
The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the consistency of orthodontic measurement performed on cephalometric films and 3D CT images of cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients.
Methods:
The study was conducted with 2D radiographs and 3D CT images of 9 boys and 6 girls aged 7-12 with CLP. 3D reconstructions were performed using MIMICS software.
Results:
Frontal analysis found statistical differences for all parameters except occlusal plane tilt (OcP-tilt) and McNamara analysis found statistical differences in 2D and 3D measurements for all parameters except ANS-Me and Co-Gn; Steiner analysis found statistical differences for all parameters except SND, SNB and Max1-SN. Intra-group variability in measurements was also very low for all parameters for both 2D and 3D images.
Conclusions:
Study results indicate significant differences between measurements taken from 2D and 3D images in patients with cleft lip and palate.
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