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Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Liver Physiology01:30

Liver Physiology

The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can also...
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
Overview of Regeneration and Repair01:19

Overview of Regeneration and Repair

Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
Regeneration
All animals have varying degrees of...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

The Influence of Liver Resection on Intrahepatic Tumor Growth
07:55

The Influence of Liver Resection on Intrahepatic Tumor Growth

Published on: April 9, 2016

Liver regeneration and aging: a current perspective.

Douglas L Schmucker1, Henry Sanchez

  • 1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research
|September 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Aging impairs liver regeneration rate by affecting epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling and cell cycle progression. While the liver

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Aging Research
  • Cellular and Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The liver demonstrates remarkable regenerative capacity after partial hepatectomy.
  • Aging is associated with deficits in many organ systems, but the liver shows relative protection.
  • Previous studies suggest aging compromises liver regenerative capacity in rate and extent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which aging affects hepatic regeneration.
  • To identify specific pathways and factors influenced by aging during liver regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding and EGF receptor expression in aged rodents.
  • Assessment of cell cycle progression following EGF stimulation in old rats.
  • Evaluation of the role of Forkhead Box transcription factor (FoxM1B) in aged liver regeneration.

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Extended 78% Hepatectomy in a Mouse Surgical Model

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Hepatocyte-specific Ablation in Zebrafish to Study Biliary-driven Liver Regeneration
08:14

Hepatocyte-specific Ablation in Zebrafish to Study Biliary-driven Liver Regeneration

Published on: May 20, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

The Influence of Liver Resection on Intrahepatic Tumor Growth
07:55

The Influence of Liver Resection on Intrahepatic Tumor Growth

Published on: April 9, 2016

Extended 78% Hepatectomy in a Mouse Surgical Model
05:25

Extended 78% Hepatectomy in a Mouse Surgical Model

Published on: May 24, 2024

Hepatocyte-specific Ablation in Zebrafish to Study Biliary-driven Liver Regeneration
08:14

Hepatocyte-specific Ablation in Zebrafish to Study Biliary-driven Liver Regeneration

Published on: May 20, 2015

Main Results:

  • A significant decline in EGF binding to hepatocyte membranes and reduced EGF receptor expression observed in aged animals.
  • A cell cycle block between G1 and S-phases noted in old rats post-EGF stimulation.
  • Aging impacts the upregulation of FoxM1B, a key factor in growth hormone-stimulated liver regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Aging compromises liver regeneration by affecting multiple pathways, including EGF signaling and cell cycle control.
  • Reduced phosphorylation and dimerization of the EGF receptor contribute to impaired extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway activation.
  • While the rate of liver regeneration is reduced by aging, the capacity to restore original organ volume is maintained.