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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Allergic rhinitis.

Tania Mucci1, Satish Govindaraj, Jody Tversky

  • 1Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York
|September 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic rhinitis significantly impacts quality of life and incurs billions in healthcare costs. Effective management includes allergen avoidance, medications, and immunotherapy, with specialists offering advanced treatments for refractory cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis is a prevalent and costly condition affecting millions globally, particularly in industrialized nations.
  • It is associated with significant morbidity, reduced quality of life, and economic burden due to lost productivity and healthcare expenditures.
  • The condition is linked to other atopic diseases like asthma, sinusitis, otitis media, and sleep apnea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the economic and health impacts of allergic rhinitis.
  • To emphasize the importance of primary care physician recognition and initial management.
  • To outline the role of allergy specialists in diagnosis and treatment, including immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical guidelines for allergic rhinitis diagnosis and management.
  • Discussion of pharmacologic treatments, including nasal steroids and antihistamines.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic procedures like skin testing and advanced therapeutic options.

Main Results:

  • Allergen avoidance, topical nasal steroids, and antihistamines are effective first-line treatments for many patients.
  • Referral to allergy specialists is often indicated for accurate diagnosis (skin testing) and tailored management.
  • Traditional subcutaneous immunotherapy provides relief in over 75% of cases.
  • Emerging treatments for refractory cases include oral/sublingual immunotherapy, recombinant allergens, DNA vaccines, and anti-IgE therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition and management by primary care physicians are crucial for allergic rhinitis.
  • Allergy specialist consultation and skin testing are vital for targeted treatment strategies.
  • A range of effective treatments, from conventional to novel immunotherapies, are available for allergic rhinitis management.