Coronary risk factors in patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) risk escalates with the number of identified risk factors.
• Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a significant intervention for advanced CAD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the prevalence and differences in CAD risk factors among patients undergoing CABG surgery.
• To compare risk factor profiles between different age groups (<45 vs. >65 years) and genders (male vs. female).
• To analyze trends in risk factor presentation over a five-year period.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 700 patients who underwent CABG between 2003 and 2007.
• Inclusion criteria: patients aged <45 or >65 years.
• Comparison of risk factor prevalence across demographic subgroups.

Main Results:

• No significant difference in the total number of risk factors between younger (<45) and older (>65) age groups.
• Smoking and dyslipidemia were more common in patients <45 years.
• Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more prevalent in patients >65 years.
• Dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension were more common in female patients compared to males.
• Certain risk factors demonstrated a greater impact on one gender over the other.

Conclusions:

• CAD risk factors exhibit distinct patterns based on age and gender in CABG patients.
• The findings highlight the need for tailored prophylactic and therapeutic interventions for specific demographic groups.
• Individualized risk factor management is crucial for optimizing outcomes in CABG surgery patients.