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Related Concept Videos

Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Gross Anatomy of the Lungs01:17

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs

The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
11:17

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Published on: February 27, 2026

[Lung cancer].

Kazuo Nakagawa1, Haruhiko Kondo

  • 1Division of Thoracic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|September 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Adjuvant chemotherapy improves outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stages II-IIIA. New strategies, including targeted agents and tumor markers like ERCC1, are emerging for personalized care in resected NSCLC.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Medical Oncology

Context:

  • Standard care for resected NSCLC stages II-IIIA involves cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
  • Adjuvant chemotherapy benefits for stage IB NSCLC remain unclear due to population heterogeneity.
  • Tegafur-uracil (UFT) is a standard adjuvant chemotherapy in Japan for stage I NSCLC tumors >2cm.

Purpose:

  • To re-evaluate adjuvant chemotherapy strategies for NSCLC based on the 7th TNM classification.
  • To explore the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in NSCLC management.
  • To assess the predictive value of tumor markers (e.g., ERCC1) for chemotherapy response.

Summary:

  • Landmark studies support adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy for NSCLC stages II-IIIA.
  • UFT is established as standard adjuvant chemotherapy for specific stage I NSCLC cases in Japan.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
11:17

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Published on: February 27, 2026

  • Emerging research investigates tumor markers, targeted agents, and vaccine therapy for personalized adjuvant treatment.

    • Impact:

    • This review highlights the need for updated adjuvant chemotherapy guidelines for NSCLC.
    • It emphasizes the potential of predictive biomarkers for tailoring treatment decisions.
    • The findings pave the way for personalized adjuvant care strategies in resected NSCLC.