Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2026
15:29
Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells
Published on: August 5, 2016
Confronting the barriers to develop novel vaccines against brucellosis
Sérgio Costa Oliveira1, Guillermo Hernán Giambartolomei, Juliana Cassataro
1Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-Minas Gerais, Brazil. scozeus@icb.ufmg.br
Expert Review of Vaccines
|September 17, 2011
Summary
Developing effective vaccines for brucellosis (a zoonotic disease) is crucial. Current options for humans are lacking, and animal vaccines have limitations, necessitating advancements in novel vaccine technologies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease with global prevalence.
- It causes reproductive issues in animals and various health problems in humans, including fever, arthritis, and meningitis.
- Current human brucellosis vaccines are unavailable, and animal vaccine efficacy is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in brucellosis vaccine development.
- To highlight the need for effective vaccines in natural hosts.
- To address regulatory challenges for novel vaccine approval.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent studies on recombinant protein, DNA, and live-attenuated vaccines.
- Discussion of challenges in vaccine efficacy and host specificity.
- Analysis of regulatory pathways for new vaccine licensure.
Main Results:
- Emerging vaccine candidates include recombinant protein, DNA, and live-attenuated approaches.
- Existing animal vaccines present challenges regarding safety and efficacy.
- Significant hurdles remain in achieving licensure for new human brucellosis vaccines.
Conclusions:
- Novel vaccine strategies are under investigation for brucellosis.
- Vaccine development must prioritize efficacy in natural hosts.
- Overcoming regulatory barriers is essential for bringing new brucellosis vaccines to market.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Vaccine Production
Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
01:25Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
01:24Smallpox
Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
01:22Development of Immunocompetence
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
00:42Cross-reactivity
Overview